Search
Genetic control of long-career layer production by combining multi-phenotypes and multi-genomic approaches such as QTL, cis-eQTL and regulatory element detection – EFFICACE
The overall goal of this project is to help improving the efficiency and sustainability of the egg production sector. The approach consists in extending the laying cycle up to 90 weeks from 60-70 weeks currently and improving hen feed efficiency (FE) and laying rate at these advanced ages, all while
Expanding the repertoire of STructurally conserved AviRulence proteins in plant pathogenic fungi to propose knowledge-driven plant resistance management – STARlep
Fungal pathogens represent a recurrent threat to human health and agriculture and possess extreme adaptive abilities. A major environment-friendly strategy to control fungal diseases is genetic control using naturally resistant crop cultivars. Crop resistance mainly relies on recognition of fungal e
Experimental evolution of the wine-associated bacterium Oenococcus oeni in extreme environments: applications to the selection of improved malolactic starters – EVOLOWINE
Stuck malolactic fermentations are feared as they depreciate wine quality. They are due to the capricious nature of the lactic acid bacterium Oenococus oeni, as well as complex wine compositions which are difficult to ferment. Such problematic wine compositions are intrinsically associated to specif
GREENER: Gene and Regulatory Elements Networks Involved in Rice Root Tissue Differentiation. – GREENER
Les inondations sont responsables d'environ 60% de tous les dommages agricoles et des pertes de récoltes (FAO, 2015). La perspective du réchauffement climatique mondial affectera les zones cultivées et les conditions de croissance des cultures, impactant l'avenir de la sécurité alimentaire dans le m
Decipher interactions between TOR and DYRK, and evaluate their role in the control of growth and lipid synthesis in plants and algae – TOR-DYRKcontrol
Microalgae and plant leaves are promising sources of fatty acids and triacylglycerol (TAG) for alternative energies or for green chemistry. A major biological bottleneck is the inverse correlation between proliferation and oil accumulation, which compromises productivity. Therefore it is imperative
Characterization of secreted peptides involved in the response to biotic stress in Arabidopsis – STRESS-PEPT
Plant responses to biotic aggressions involve a great diversity of molecules including regulatory proteins and hormones. Among these actors, small secreted peptides, also named peptide phytohormones or phytocytokines, may directly interact with pathogens or act in signalling and cell-to-cell communi
Photoperiodism in ubiquist model microalgae of marine phytoplankton: molecular mechanisms and sensitivity to ocean temperature increase – CLIMA-CLOCK
At the basis of marine food webs, phytoplankton is a major player of carbon sequestration and transfer to higher trophic levels. Marine phytoplankton encompasses a large phylogenetic diversity of microalgae with a worldwide distribution from equator to pole. Accordingly, in polar and temperate regio
CelBoVax: Novel comprehensive approach to shape cattle cell-mediated immunity – CelBoVax
CelBoVax is aimed at setting up a novel approach to produce next-generation vaccines able to shape bovine cellular immunity. As proof-of-concept, we will target Staphylococcus aureus, a major pathogen of dairy cows. By combining multidisciplinary approaches, our efforts will be focused on each s
SYMbiotic & Pathogenic PAthogenic PEPtides at the interface between plants and microorganisms – SYMPA-PEP
In the SYMPA-PEP project, based on these recent identification of microbial Plant Peptide Hormones (PPH) mimics and on the progress on knowledge on PPH signalling pathways in plants, we will identify novel PPHs regulating plant root cells specification during development and/or maintenance of mutual
Abscisic acid-mediated control of K+ transport in the grape berry – KABAGRAPE
The project is divided into four workpackages to identify and validate the regulatory networks, and then to understand in more detail the function of each protein within the network. WP1 (partner 1): identification of proteins involved in the regulation of potassium transport systems in the grape b
How does Cell-to-Cell Communication regulate Fruit Growth ? – 3C-FruitGrowth
The FW2.2 gene is a major gene that governs fruit size in tomato, but whose cellular and molecular mechanisms of action remain unknown. Since the FW2.2 protein is localized at the PD level, we formulate the original hypothesis according to which FW2.2 would be involved in the regulation of the cell-
Fetal maturity at the feto-maternal interface: contribution of fetal and maternal genomes and tissue metabolism perturbations – CO-LOcATION
Until now, no genetic or nutritional lever for a better survival has been clearly identified in newborn piglets. Various studies have shown that piglet maturity (developmental state allowing survival at birth) is likely to be an important determinant of subsequent survival. So far, the main availabl
Receptor proteins and redox control at the interface of symbiosis & immunity – DUALITY
Plants benefit from two major symbiotic interactions with soil microbes, the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) and the Rhizobium-Legume (RL) symbioses, to improve their mineral nutrition. They generally establish such associations following recognition of symbiotic chitin-derived molecules, called Nod fac
Contrasting adaptive/acclimatization potentials of fire coral holobionts (Millepora spp) facing global change – the role of the Symbiodiniaceae photosymbiont – SymbioFire
The microbiome, the set of microorganisms living in symbiosis with the coral, represents hope for their adaptation. It is now essential to characterize the coral-microbiome dynamics in order to elucidate its role in the acclimatization/adaptation capacities of organisms and in the resilience of cora
ET-Nod : Effectors Triggering Nodulation In legumes – ET-Nod
Our main goal in this project is to decipher the molecular mechanisms by which ErnA activates nodulation in legumes and characterize the importance of this effector family (ET-Nod) in the symbiotic efficiency of agronomically important legumes. This project is divided in 3 parallel tasks : in Task
Olfaction, cognition and feeding behaviour in rabbit neonates – NEONATOLF
In animals, olfaction plays a decisive role in life by triggering and guiding critical behaviours (mother-young relationships, food choices, avoiding dangers, etc.). In mammals, including humans, olfaction is known to be functional from foetal life, and to influence the first orientations of newborn
CelL EliminAtion iN Seeds: Mechanisms and Functions – CLEANSE
The complete developmental elimination of cells is a repeated theme in multicellular organisms. Cell elimination events are particularly prevalent in developing Angiosperm ovules and seeds, suggesting they may represent a useful developmental strategy, requisitioned multiple times during the evoluti
Adaptive root plasticity in pearl millet – PlastiMil
Pearl millet is a key cereal for food security in arid and semi-arid regions of West Africa and India. However, climate change is predicted to increase the frequency of extreme events such as dry spells (strong episodes of rain interrupted by long drought periods) that will affect its yield. In this
Identifying sex-determining genes in the dioecious plant Silene latifolia – PlantGenomYX
About 15000 flowering plants are dioecious (= sex is carried by different individuals). These plants are over-represented among crops (~17%). Understanding sex determination in dioecious plants is thus important for both fundamental and applied research. However, despite recent advances on this ques
Cellular and molecular dynamics of muscle stem cells during muscle hyperplasia decline in trout – FishMuSC
Skeletal muscle consists mainly of muscle fibers formed during embryonic and fetal development. Except during muscle regeneration following injury, myofiber formation (hyperplasia) ceases around birth in mammals and shortly after hatching in zebrafish. Muscle hyperplasia requires the proliferation a
Pro- and anti-viral roles of RNA uridylation in plants – URIVir
The general objective of the URIVir project is to understand the biological impact of RNA uridylation on the pathogenicity of phytoviruses. RNA uridylation, the 3’ tailing of RNAs with uridines, is a regulatory post-transcriptional modification, conserved across most eukaryotes. RNA uridylation play
Operon-based Discovery of carbohydrate-active Enzymes – ODE
The aim of this project is to boost the discovery of enzyme families involved in glycan breakdown. Glycan breakdown is central to human and animal nutrition, fungal/plant-cell wall remodeling, host-pathogen interactions, biomass reutilization, etc.. However, the discovery of novel enzyme families is
Genome and epigenome dynamics of random and targeted DNA damages – RanTarDam
Plants evolved sophisticated mechanisms to cope with environmental stresses that affect genome integrity and interfere with developmental programs. In particular, it is crucial to understand how genetic and epigenetic mechanisms cooperate with DNA repair to activate appropriate adaptive responses th
Uncovering the virome of archaeal methanogens – VIROMET
Methanogenic archaea are phylogenetically diverse, ancient and environmentally widespread. They are common inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tract of humans and other animals, and produce methane, a potent green-house gas, as a metabolic by-product. Despite the ecological importance and diversity
Impact of POLYmorphism on RECombination in plants – POLYREC
Meiotic crossovers allow for the shuffling of alleles between homologous chromosomes. The frequency and distribution of meiotic crossovers determine which traits are inherited together and which ones are reassorted to produce new combinations on which selection can act. The distribution of crossover
Revelation of Acclimation Mechanisms of Photosynthesis using a Translational Approach in Evolutionary-distant Organisms – RevelOrg
Oxygenic photosynthesis is the earth’s lung. At the very base of this energetic process there are two photosystems (PSI and II) that absorb light energy and convert it into chemical energy that ultimately drives the life of a large part of the biosphere. Structure and function of the photosystems an
RNase J and chloroplast RNA Quality Control – JOAQUIN
The chloroplast is the plant compartment in which light energy is captured and transformed into chemical energy, ultimately making life on Earth possible. They are descendants of free-living photosynthetic bacteria and maintain a small but essential genome. Most genes are transcribed into polycistro
Cryo-EM tridimentional structure of insect Odorant Receptors: towards new semiochemicals for pest biocontrol – CryOR
In the context of the developpment of pest insect biocontrol, odorant receptor proteins are seen as interesting targets to modify insect odorant-guided behaviors. However, the lack of similarity of these receptors with any known membrane proteins make their study difficult at the molecular level: th
Functional Neuroimaging of the Vocalisation Perception Mechanisms of Sheep – SheepVoicefMRI
As a gregarious species, sheep use olfactory, visual and auditory information during intra- and inter-species social interactions, which are critical for survival. The neural substrates of sheep olfactory and visual social interaction have been studied by cellular or electrophysiological approaches.