Seismology on Mars – SEISMARS

This proposal focuses on the scientific developments required to secure the ground-segment Mars
Quake and Mars Structure Services. It is expected that for the large quakes (likely about 10% of the
quakes), both quake location and structure inversions will be strongly interdependent and will have to
be performed jointly. For most of the small quakes and especially for those leading to the detection of
only P- ,S- and Rayleigh-waves, only location of the event will be possible, implying mainly Mars
Quake service-lead activities. On the other hand, several techniques on structure inversions will be
based on stacks of continuous signals (e.g. tide, continuous excitation of Mars oscillations) or of body
waveforms (e.g. receiver functions), implying activities mainly lead by the Mars Structure service. Thus,
the two services will closely collaborate for most, if not all scientific challenges, and will integrate the
contributions of all SEIS teams.

Methods and algorithms for Mars seismicity
Methods and algorithms for Mars internal structure

InSight applies advanced single-seismometer analysis techniques in use on Earth, along with
extremely precise measurements of variations in the spin axis and the subsurface thermal gradient, to
provide the first direct measurements of the internal structure of Mars. The overarching mission goals
are to illuminate the fundamentals of formation and evolution of terrestrial planets by investigating the
interior structure and processes of Mars, and more specifically to determine the thickness, structure
and composition of the crust, mantle and core, determine the thermal state of the planetary interior,
measure the rate and distribution of internal seismic activity
and the rate of meteorite impacts.

Garcia R.F., Brissaud Q., Rolland L., Martin R., Komatitsch D., Spiga A., P. Lognonne, B. Banerdt, in revision, Finite-difference modeling of acoustic and gravity wave propagation in Mars atmosphere: application to infrasounds emitted by meteor impacts, Space Science Reviews
Panning M.-P., Beucler E., Drilleau M., Mocquet A., Lognonné P., Banerdt B., Verifying single-station seismic approaches using Earth-based data: Preparation for data return from the InSight mission to Mars, Icarus, 248, 230-242, doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2014.10.035, 2015.
Panning M.-P. et al., including Lognonné P., Garcia R.F., Mocquet A., Beucler E., Blanchette-Huertin J.-F., Crilleau M., Hempel S., Khan A., Verhoeven O., Clinton J., Giardini D., Wieczorek M., Planned products of the Mars Structure Service for the InSight mission to Mars, Space Sci. Rev., Space Science Reviews, in revision.
Verhoeven O., Vacher P., Laboratory-based electrical conductivity at Martian mantle conditions , Planet. Space Sci., doi :10.1016/j.pss.2016.10.005, in press.
Khan, A., van Driel, M., Boese, M., Giardini, D., Ceylan, S., Yan, J., Clinton, J., Euchner, F., Lognonne, N. Murdoch, D. Mimoun, P., Panning, M., Knapmeyer,  M., Banerdt, W. B., Single-station and single-event marsquake location and inversion for structure using synthetic Martian waveforms, Phys. Earth Planet Int., 258, 28-42, doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2016.05.017, 2016.
Ceylan, S., van Driel, M., Euchner, F., Khan, A., Krischer, L., Clinton, J., Böse, M., Giardini, D., From initial models of seismicity, structure and noise to synthetic seismograms for Mars, Space Sci. Rev., in revision, 2016.
Lognonne, P., Karakostas, F., Rolland, L ,Y.Nishikawa, Modeling of atmospheric-coupled Rayleigh waves on planets with atmosphere: From Earth observation to Mars and Venus perspectives, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 140, 1447-1468, doi : 10.1121/1.4960788 , 2016.