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Results of the second ANR FLASH call "Great Tohoku Earthquake"
Nine French-Japanese proposals have been selected within the framework of the ANR Flash (*) call "Great Tohoku Earthquake". This call had been open from June 17th to July 18th, 2011, following the major earthquake and tsunami that hit Japan on 11th March 2011; it was coordinated with the JST (Japan Science and Technology Agency) in order to strengthen the French-Japanese cooperation on those fields. The French scientific community did react very positively, with 33 proposals submitted.
Evo-devo of the diversification and loss of dentition in Birds – PIAFS
Today, no species of bird has teeth. However, most had some at the time of dinosaurs, the Mesozoic. We aim at understanding why and how the avian dentitions have disappeared in the meantime. Then, in the Cenozoic, a now-extinct clade of seabirds, the Odontopterygiformes, evolved jawbones with tooth-like bony outgrowths. Here too, we are investigating the possible modes of development and evolution of these unique and extinct structures.
Diversity in Human Growth. Growth in African Pygmies – GrowinAP
It is assumed that all human populations shared a similar pattern of growth. However, considerable variation in growth has been recorded specially in hunter-gatherer populations. It is unfortunate that data for such populations are rare or low-quality. African Pygmies represent one of the most interesting and less acculturated groups among forager populations. The knowledge of growth in Pygmies is crucial to understand physiological variation in modern humans.
Predicting contemporary evolution and population persistence in a changing environment – ContempEvol
Combining experimental and modeling approaches to better understand and predict the eco-evolutionary dynamics observed ‘live’ in nature or in the laboratory, and disentangle their underlying mechanisms, notably the role relative contributions of genetic adaptation and phenotypic plasticity.
Integrative Mobile genetics Elements hijacking the bacterial Chromosome dimer resolution machinery: contribution to the emergence of new pathogenic strains. – IMEX
Bacteria possess a dedicated site-specific recombination machinery, the Xer machinery. Numerous mobile genetic elements hi-jack this machinery to integrate into the genome of their bacterial host. Their presence often correlates with the evolution towards pathogenicity of bacteria. This is notably the case for cholera epidemic strains.
The Rise of Animal LIfe (Cambrian-Ordovician) - organization and tempo: evidence from exceptionally preserved biotas – RALI
solution to overcome these obstacles by stuying exceptionally preserved biotas in the Early Cambrian of Australia [...] information concerning all Cambrian and Ordovician exceptionally preserved biotas and to to apply a newly developed
Acoustic partnership : vocal communication at the cornerstone of monogamy in birds – Acoustic partnership
puzzling in many cases. Social monogamy is exceptionally rare in mammals, but represents about 90 percent
Management of Ocean Resources under Shifting Expectations: bringing the historical perspective into marine mammal conservation – MORSE
L’impact humain sur les écosystèmes marins a commencé il y a des milliers d’années, et pourtant l’amplitude de cet impact est largement sous-estimé car ces changements ont eu lieu très graduellement. Cette amnésie collective affecte notre perception des écosystèmes naturels et réduit notre perception des options pour le futur.
"Dos Poylische Yidntum" ("Polish Jewry”, 1946-1966): History and Memory of a Lost World in the Aftermath of the Catastrophe. – POLY
History and Memory of a Lost World After the Catastrophe<br /><br />This project aims to rediscover a collection that is not accessible to researchers or to a wider audience – because it is composed of works in Yiddish –, even though these contain documents of exceptional interest (first Holocaust testimonies, history of Polish Jewry) and that the collection as a whole is traversed by a series of pertinent and ongoing questions regarding the writing of history and the preservation of memory.
Modeling and Multi-Scale Simulation of Interfaces – MODEMI
The project aims to:<br />• (i) Carry out direct numerical simulations (DNS) for physical cases with breakup and coalescence<br />• (ii) Establish a comparison and validation of the results obtained by the numerical codes used by partners<br />• (iii) Perform DNS for physical cases involving dispersed media<br />• (iv) Provide models of «sub-grid« to respect the physics of the problem and maintain a quasi-true results of DNS.
