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Mechanisms of Activation of Transfer of Integrative and Conjugative Elements in digestive Ecosystem – MATICE
Intestinal microbiota plays a major role in human health. Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) between bacteria brought by food and resident bacteria can threaten its equilibrium by conferring novel properties to digestive bacteria (antibiotic resistance, novel catabolic properties…). Conjugation, the main mechanism of HGT, is encoded by several classes of mobile genetic elements, in particular chromosomal Integrative and Conjugative Elements (ICEs), which are widespread but still poorly known.
Single Cell Analysis of Plasmacytoid dendritic cells to understand their heterogeneity for INterferon production – SCAPIN
Different cell types perform distinct functions. Heterogeneity also exist in each cell type but its biological meaning remains puzzling. Intra-type heterogeneity at ground state might allow plastic responses to stimuli. We will test this hypothesis by determining whether, and how, ground state intra-type heterogeneity is related to functional heterogeneity upon activation. We will also exploit intra-type heterogeneity to better understand how cellular functions are molecularly regulated.
Cytoskeleton remodeling by storage endosomes – molecular mechanisms and impact on the immune response – CytoEndoStor
Slow recycling storage endosomes (SRSE) are a particular endosomal population that is described by the aminopeptidase IRAP, a protein with dual function.
Innate lymphoid cells and immunological memory – ILC3_MEMORY
Within the lymphoid compartment, B and T cells that deliver adaptive immunity are well recognized as essential players in the clearance of pathogens and development of immunological memory. In contras
Chemical stimulation of the innate immune response with ChX710: Toward a new class of antiviral molecules – ChemInnate
Viral infections are a major public health problem while our therapeutic arsenal remains very limited and relies mainly on a few direct acting molecules that act on the virus replication machinery. As part of the ChemInnate project, we are exploring another therapeutic approach: broad-spectrum antivirals that, instead of targeting the virus itself, block viral growth by modulating cell defense mechanisms.
Mechanisms of colonization and dissemination of a bacterial pathogen in a human population, the example of Neisseria meningitidis – PATHONEM
Using in vitro models, this proposal aims at identifying some of the bacterial components used by a bacterial pathogen to colonize its host and disseminate in a population. Our results will bring new insights into the colonization of the nasopharyngeal epithelium by Neisseria meningitidis with the objective to identify new potent therapeutic targets aiming at preventing the colonization and/or dissemination of the bacteria.
Mechanisms of complement-induced inflammation and endothelial cell damage in hemolytic conditions – INFLACOMP
Complement is an immune surveillance system, which induces tissue damage and inflammation when overactivated. Free heme is released during hemolysis and serves as a danger signal, which induces inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Complement activation and hemolysis frequently coincide in pathologic conditions.
Testing the potency of nutritional interventions to modulate eicosanoid metabolism in adipose tissues and brite adipogenesis – NUTRIBRITE
The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity has reached “epidemic” proportions as documented by overweight (BMI > 25 kg/m2) in more than 1.9 billion people among which at least 600 million ar
Monoacylglycerol lipase, a new immunometabolic therapeutic target for liver diseases – HEPAMAG
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the hepatic hallmark of the metabolic syndrome, and alcoholic liver disease are leading causes of chronic liver injury that share common pathophysiological features,
NUTRIent Partitioning in Astrocyte and the regulation of energy HOmeoStasis – NUTRIPATHOS
Obesity and correlated diseases such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, coronary diseases and diabetes mellitus have more than doubled since 1980 and are now clearly identified as a worldwide pandemic in
