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Development of kisspeptin analogs for reproduction control – Kiss
KISS project associates increasing livestock productivity and sustainability with decreased health risk. Our ambition is to develop a new treatment for reproduction control in livestock improving reproductive performance and reducing hormone use. This new treatment will be based on the development o
Improving feed efficiency in dairy cows: understanding its key determinants using precision phenotyping, to allow tailored genetic selection strategies according to environment. – Deffilait
The objectives are: - Improve the feed efficiency of dairy cows without affecting their robustness by studying the determinants of feed efficiency of dairy cows and by defining appropriate strategies for genetic selection and feeding behavior - To develop new phenotyping methods adapted to the und
Identification and characterization of plant factors that counteract bacterial-mediated suppression of RNA silencing – PRIM
RNA silencing is an ancestral mechanism of gene regulation that has been initially characterized as a natural antiviral defense response in plants. In addition, this gene regulatory mechanism plays a critical role in antibacterial defense and is thus targeted by multiple bacterial effector proteins,
Acrostyle in aphid stylets: a key for crop protection – StylHook
Aphids are sap-feeding insects with piercing-sucking mouthparts. They are serious pests in agriculture and provoke significant losses, not only reducing plant growth by deprivation of nutrients, but also and most importantly because of their formidable capacity to transmit numerous plant viruses cau
Moving the wine yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae up its adaptive peak in grape must – PEAKYEAST
Many eukaryotes have been intensively exposed to man made environments but it is still unclear how well adapt they are to domesticated environments. Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model species, we will apply experimental evolution approach to study the impact of standing genetic variation and
Reproductive Ability in relation to boar taint risk in entire male pigs – AROME
Public pressure to abandon castration has led stakeholders within the European Union to sign a voluntary declaration to end pig chirurgical castration practices by January 2018. Abandoning surgical castration will be beneficial: - for animal welfare with the reduction of pain, - for pig breeders a
NLR immune receptors for sustainable disease resistance in cereal crops – ImmuneReceptor
Plant diseases are among the most important problems in agriculture and the use of disease resistance (R) genes is a key strategy for plant protection. ImmuneReceptor addresses fundamental questions in plant immunity to generate transferable knowledge for sustainable crop protection. It focuses on t
Next generation genetics to identify regulatory networks involved in responses to single stresses and their combination in Arabidopsis – stressnet
Understanding plants’ responses to environmental stresses is crucial to maintain agricultural production. In this proposal we focus on two of the most prominent threats for modern agriculture: water deficit and nitrogen deficit. Drought episodes are expected to increase in frequency and severity as
Nuclear Activities of DNA-Associated Immune Receptors – RADAR
In plant and animal innate immunity, individual cells express receptor proteins to discriminate between pathogenic and non-pathogenic organisms. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) bind conserved pathogen molecules (pathogen-associated molecular patterns, PAMPs) to trigger a first line of resistanc
Mechanisms controlling the transition between nitrogen fixation and senescence in legume symbiotic nodules – STAYPINK
Nitrogen is limiting for plant growth, which explains the massive use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture. However, nitrogen fertilizers present a number of drawbacks, including a large waste of fossil energy for their production and use, and a strong pollution of water resources (nitrates) and a
Autoregulation of infection in the rhizobium-legume symbiosis – AOI
Legumes are remarkable in the plant kingdom for their widespread ability to enter a symbiosis with N2-fixing bacteria called rhizobia. Rhizobia infect legume roots and trigger the formation of specialized new organs called nodules that behave as miniature N2-fixing factories, in which atmospheric N2
Identification of key regulators of legume seed adaptation to environmental fluctuations – REGULEG
A major part of human food and animal feed supply is based on seeds, and the control of their quality is essential for food security. An important advantage of cultivating legumes besides being protein-rich is their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, making them the lynch pin of sustainable agricu
Fruit integrative modelling for a unified selection system – FRIMOUSS
1. Extend the models already developed for tomato and transfer them to other species, and then identify the most critical parameters for fruit growth and quality. 2. Better understand how biophysical constraints and metabolic programming are integrated. 3. Propose a prototype toolkit dedicated
Understanding the mode of action of the symbiosis-specific NF-YA1 Transcription Factor in Medicago truncatula – NODCCAAT
Plants belonging to the legume family are able to interact symbiotically with nitrogen fixing bacteria named rhizobia, allowing these plants to grow in agricultural systems with low nitrogen inputs and thus to be important actors of sustainable agriculture. This symbiotic interaction leads to the fo
Calcium-dependent signaling in plant adaptation to environmental stresses – CASSIS
As sessile organisms, plants cannot escape from adverse environmental conditions. In particular, drought and salinity are the major abiotic constraints that affect crop yield and productivity. Their impact on agriculture is expected to increase in the near future due to global climate changes. Thus,
Epigenetic regulations in the development of symbiotic root nodules of legume plants – EPISYM
Nitrogen-fixing symbioses between legumes and rhizobia are extremely valuable in sustainable agriculture. They require the formation of a specific organ, the root nodule, where nitrogen fixation and nutritional exchanges between the plant and the bacteria take place. While spectacular progress has b