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Development and utilization of new generation phenotyping tools to analyse genetic determinants of nitrogen fertilisers use efficiency in bread wheat. – PHENOBLE
To match the increase in demand of cereals in the next 50 years, wheat yield has to be improved by 2% per year. This challenge will be met only if a new paradigm is built in wheat breeding and agronomic practices. Advances in crop productivity are related to the understanding of yield limiting facto
Genetic diversity and mechanisms of resistance to Aphanomyces euteiches in legumes. – Immunit-Ae
Aphanomyces euteiches, a root oomycete of legumes is the main limiting biotic factor for French and European pea production. To accelerate genetic improvement of resistance in pea to A. euteiches we propose to use genetic and genomic resources developed in the model legume M. truncatula. This inclu
A generic tool for managing and exploiting genetic association studies results using high throughput genotyping data and high throughput phenotyping – GnpAsso
Over several years, large efforts have been made to produce crop genetic and genomic data at genome scale. Bioinformatics and data integration was more and more required to take full advantage of these data [1]. Several databases were developed at national and international levels, dedicated to one
Developmental, molecular and genetic bases of the grapevine adaptation to thermal stress. – DURAVITIS
Abstract The grapevine, like other important crop species, is faced to the effects of ongoing and predicted climate change, for instance of temperature increase. Temperature is well-known factor involved in grapevine vegetative and reproductive developments with important consequences for wines y
Genome-wide association study between structural variation, agronomic traits variation and heterosis in maize – CNV-MAIZE
Structural variation (SV) – that encompasses sequence deletions, duplications, insertions, inversions and translocations – has long been considered as rare and meaningless for phenotypic evolution. From recent studies, it is now clear that SV is common to many species including maize, and involves a
Chloroplast adaptation to abiotic stresses: use of proteomics to reveal molecular phenotypes – Chloro-types
The goal of the present project is to enlarge our knowledge of the regulation of chloroplast metabolism to adaptation phenomena, i.e. to relate the dynamic of chloroplast biogenesis to environmental changes. To this, we will first decipher the molecular mechanisms underlying the dynamic of the chlor
Large-scale identification of the causative genetic variants influencing traits of economic interest in French dairy breeds – CartoSeq
In the past years, ANR funded several cattle-related research projects, including the CartoFine project. The aim of this project was the fine-mapping of QTLs for production traits in the three main dairy breeds used in France, Holstein, Normande and Montbéliarde. Each of the 3,200 artificial insemi
Multi-breed Genomics of Beef and Dairy Cattle – GEMBAL
Adapting selection tools and objectives to efficiently manage French cattle meat and milk productions is a major challenge of the next years. Genomic selection provides a fantastic opportunity to reorient bovine selection towards a more sustainable breeding. The Gembal project aims at developing a m
Comparative genomics and transcriptomics of plant-pathogenic xanthomonads – XANTHOMIX
The project XANTHOMIX aims at providing genomic and transcriptomic resources for a better understanding of the infection process, host and tissue specialization, evolutionary history and epidemiology of five Xanthomonas species. Xanthomonads are gram-negative bacteria which cause diseases of more th
Sequencing and comparative genomics of Escherichia coli plasmids: a way to understand the evolutionary success of extended-spectrum ß-lactamases – RepliColScope
The spread of antibiotic-resistant pathogens is becoming an extremely serious clinical and public health problem worldwide. In recent year, we have observed a dramatic increase of the resistance to the third generation cephalosporins that are regularly used for empirical therapy of Enterobacteriacea
Understating the Pathogenicity of Entamoeba Using Comparative Transcriptomics and Phylogenomics – GENAMIBE
First we will compare the genomes (i.e. on the DNA level) of Entamoeba species and catalogue a list of relevant genes, which might account for the adaptation of their lifestyle, i.e. commensal or parasitic. Then we will catalogue transcriptomic differences between Entamoeba species (i.e. on the RNA
Glycan microarrays of cell wall polysaccharides in functional genomics – WALLARRAY-II
The project “WallArray” was submitted to the ANR call for proposals entitled “Genomics” in April, 2008. In this framework, the project was funded for a feasibility study over one year. The obtained results confirm the objectives initially proposed by the five partners involved in the project. The ne
Developing and testing new biotechnological tools to increase seed oil yield: a key to the production of hydrocarbon chains in oleaginous crop species. – SOLAR
Project aims: Oil from seeds constitutes a key component of both human and livestock diets, which consumption is steeply increasing worldwide. Then, fatty acids composing triacylglycerols (TAGs) accumulated in plant seeds are structurally similar to long chain hydrocarbons and consequently represen
Development of a Nested Association Mapping population for complex traits dissection in Brassica napus – BrassiNAM
Rapeseed is the oilseed crop most widely cultivated in Europe.The cultivated surface kept growing since 2003 as a consequence of the development of non-food uses of rapeseed oil while the demand for human feeding remained high. Recently the demand for arable products and vegetable oil in particular
RNASeq-based PHYLOgenomic analysis of gene duplications in teleost FISHes – PhyloFish
Teleost fish represent more than half of the total number of vertebrate species. Among the 30000 species of teleost fish, only a limited number of genomes are available, mostly in species that are phylogenetically relatively close. In addition, teleost fish have been subjected to several rounds of w
Gut microbiota and homeostasis of immune system in swine: a joint genetic and genomic study – SUS_FLORA
In the near future, a broader definition of breeding goals should balance productivity with improved functional traits such as health, in order to describe animals as an integrated component of sustainable production systems. In this context, there is a need to study the genetic control of general i
Towards the Optimal Use of Genomic Information in pyramid schemes – UtOpIGe
The aim of the project is to give the information necessary to the implementation genomic selection in pyramid schemes which concern : selection of purebred animals to produce crossbred animals; selection in high health environment but production under commercial conditions. Experimental approach wi
Evolutionary and Functional Genomics of Modified Indole Glucosinolates – EFG-MIG
The glucosinolate-myrosinase system is an activated defense system in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and related species from the order Brassicales. This system protects plants effectively from most herbivorous insects and other enemies. It relies on the generation of toxic effector molecules