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Analysis of SNARE-mediated regulation of plasma cell biology – PC-SEC
Plasma cells and the antibodies they secrete are essential for protective immune responses. However, they can also contribute to the pathology of numerous diseases. Despite their relevance in health and disease, the mechanisms underlying antibody secretion are still poorly understood. This is an essential question as a better characterization of the involved molecular actors may pave the way to improved antibody production, and to the development of new therapies for antibody-driven diseases.
Structural basis for viral genome tethering to host chromatin – CApTIVE
Efficient prototype foamy virus (PFV) integration requires the chromatin capture by the viral Gag protein. Gag-nucleosome interface involves specific residues that ensure proper binding. Modulating the affinity of this interface by amino acids substitutions induces a redistribution of the integration sites. This projet aims at understanding the molecular determinants involved in the selection of the integration sites.
Unrevealing the neuronal circuits underlying chronic pain – PaiNetWork
This project tests the hypothesis that chronic pain is mediated by different neuronal circuits in the spinal cord dorsal horn, depending on pain etiology.
Surface and volume modulation of fast deforming cells and organelles – SurVol
Cells are often described as almost spherical objects. However, the dense environment of the tissues keeps them away from this simple shape. Cells can undergo rapid deformation as they migrate through dense tissue and as they move through blood capillaries. In this project, we propose to study the large deformations of cells, the associated responses and their importance for the migration of immune cells.
Redox modulation of rhodium-catalyzed nitrene insertions into C(sp3)-H bonds – CHamRhOx
We plan to design new dirhodium(II) complexes in order to develop a more efficient and subsequently enantioselective intermolecular amination of C(sp3)-H bonds in the context of sustainable chemistry. Our approach will be based on a mechanistic study from the point of view of the design of the catalysts, and the influence of the electronic properties of the ligands on their efficiency, selectivity and stability.
Peroxide-Free (Photo)Initiating Systems – NoPerox
In a sustainable development policy, there is an urgent need to propose and combine more environmentally friendly materials (recyclable (Task 4), biosourced (Task 3)) with low-energy and safe implementation processes (Tasks 1-2).
Smart Pillared Carbon Materials for Supercapacitors: from fundamental understanding of ion transport to device testing – SPICS
A gain in capacity of EDLC is expected to be enabled by the use of pillared graphene with controlled 2D porosities, in standard electrolyte medium, but also in ionic liquid, opening the way to manufacture an all-solid-state supercapacitor with enhanced storage properties.
PHOTOASSISTED PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN FROM UREA OXIDATION – HYUREA
The objective of HYUREA is to develop a photoelectrochemical reactor (PER) using solar energy for urea degradation coupled with H2 production (energy carrier) according to: <br />CO(NH2)2 + H2O + h?-solar + ?V-electrochemical --> CO2 + N2 + 3 H2.<br />This project is a break with curative treatments of wastewater treatment plants where nitrogen is difficult to treat. It integrates a nitrogen elimination at the source and allows a production of storable H2.
Ecological Fitness of Light Color Acclimation in Marine Cyanobacteria: a Cross-Scale Analysis – EFFICACY
Global change is predicted to have numerous consequences on ocean properties and notably on ‘ocean color’, used by modelers to assess chlorophyll biomass at global scales. For phytoplankton cells, changes in ocean color are perceived as a modification of their light niche and trigger competition between species, resulting in dramatic changes in community composition. The EFFICACY project therefore tackles the question of the respective fitness of phytoplankton species to adapt to these changes.
Mito-Nuclear Interactions and Gyodioecy in ANimals – MINIGAN
We study cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in a freshwater snail. This species is normally hermaphroditic, however individuals lose the male function when they carry a particular type of mitochondria. This system is well-known and has been modelled in flowering plants, we discovered it for the first time in animals. The animal system authorizes many new experimental approaches to explore this example of genomic conflict over dex determination.
