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Legal, philosophical and social issues in neurosciences: the deep brain stimulation case – NormaStim
NormaStim explores the legal, philosophical and sociological issues of neuroscience from a given technology: deep brain stimulation (DBS). DBS is a neurosurgical technology developed since the late 1980s for the treatment of movement disorders, such as Parkinson's disease. It implies the modulation
Cognition and tool-use economy. Insights from experimental, neuro- and comparative psychology – ECOTOOL
The goal of the project ECOTOOL is to investigate the cognitive bases of tool-use economy. The project aims to address four fundamental questions. The first is what is the specificity of our cognitive system that leads us to favor the use of tool solutions. For instance, do we have the trend to over
Executive training and brain in school-age children. – APEX
Nowadays new technologies offer the opportunity to investigate repetitively and noninvasively - using brain imaging techniques - cognitive learning processes in children. In France, progresses have been made - in part by the laboratory INSERM-CEA UNICOG of S. Dehaene at NeuroSpin - in understanding
Class and gendered childhoods: early socializations under multiple constraints of 5-6 year old children – PRIMSOC
? By focusing on socializations of children in their last year of nursery school, the research attempts at seizing early constitution processes of social-class inequalities. Documenting class childhoods makes it possible to objectify often considerable gaps between the worlds in which children const
Experiences of discriminations, participation and représentation – EODIPAR
The EODIPAR project aims at grasping the way the experience of (racial, religious and territorial) discrimiantions shape the relationship to politics and civic engagement of victims and more broadly of the residents of poor neighborhoods, in France, the UK, Quebec and the US. The central hypothesis
Trivalent Logics and Natural Language Meaning – TriLogMean
The main aim of the project is to unify different approaches in formal semantics that use one form or another of multivalent logic in order to model different phenomena. Since all these phenomena interact in natural languages, and since the aim of a semantic theory is to provide a unified model of t
Territories and Early School Leaving – TEDS
The TEDS project (territories and early school-leaving) aims to examine the territorial variations of early school-leaving (ESL), in order to determine the context effects at different levels (local, regional and national), and to better understand the diversity of ESL pathways and motives. Quantita
Public Financing of Long-term Care for disabled elderly living at home : price elasticity of demand and decentralized subsidization policies – MODAPA
In France as in most developed countries, designing an efficient system of public financing for long-term care is one of the most striking challenges of the next two decades. But the deep lack of knowledge we face make the task rather uncertain. In this context, the main aim of this project is to es
Movement control and prediction in Earth’s gravitoinertial field – MOTION
General Objective: Our aim is to investigate how the internal representations of Gravito-Inertial forces are developed and used by the brain to control arm movements. Specific Objectives: (i) There is growing evidence that corticospinal control differs between eccentric contraction (the muscle
Work and fragilisations : visibility, invisibility abd regulations within large french companies – FRAGITRAV
This project puts forward a conditional and evolving approach of heath-work relationship. It means to enlighten, not individual fragilities, but weakening processes, along three avenues: a- weakening “due to” work – the matter is to examine, according to this conditional perspective, the effects of
Representation and Planning of Prosody – RAPP
Prosody refers to the global timing, rhythm and pitch of speech. It has generally a linguistic function (e.g., marking the contrast between questions and statements) and a paralinguistic one (e.g., conveying attitude and emotion). The RAPP research project aims at investigating prosodic planning in
Designing Educational Policies: Evidence from Secondary Education in Paris – DesignEdu
This project aims to understand better and thus improve the market design for allocating students to public schools. In the absence of monetary transfers, this allocation is usually implemented with centralized mechanisms. The theoretical literature has shown that the Gale-Shapley deferred-acceptanc
Mechanisms of Early Lexical Acquisition – MechELex
Over the past century, researchers have developed cunning methods to look into this process, trying to be incredibly precise. For example, they would try to teach children a word in the laboratory, to make sure that they controlled the specific experience provided to the children. In this way, we le
Brain oscillatory dynamics in the bottom-up/top-down balance of attention – DISTRACTEDBRAINOSCI
Attention improves the processing of specific information while other stimuli are disregarded. Attention operates via both top-down and bottom-up processes. Top-down attention enables the efficient performance of an on-going task by selecting the relevant information. One’s attention can however be
Effort and coordination in the production of stop consonants – StopNCo
We often admire high-level athletes for their extraordinary performances and for precise gestural coordination. We forget that we are all vocal athletes too! Speech, that we produce everyday in an automatic way, actually requires a very precise coordination of breathing, laryngeal and articulatory
Deductive reasoning impairments in math learning difficulties: Behavioral and neural correlates – REASOMATH
One of the most remarkable features of the human brain is its ability to reason, that is, to infer new conclusions from known information. Reasoning can be applied to many different types of information. For example, the conclusion Moscow is north of New-York can be inferred from the linear-ordering
The interaction between spelling and motor processes in writing : Behavioural, developmental and brain imaging studies – ECRIRE
Written proficiency is essential to academic success and survival in our society. With the arrival of emails, chat and texting, many of us spend more time writing than talking. To live in a society increasingly dependent on written language, children must learn to write very fast. The automation of
Hearing in Time – HEART
Information about sounds, including speech, is conveyed in the auditory system via: (i) the patterns of envelope fluctuation (E) and (ii) the detailed temporal waveform (temporal fine structure, TFS) in individual frequency bands. The relative importance of E and TFS information is poorly understood
innovation and transferral of competences in Schools of Engineering – Innov'ing 2020
This project aims at the constitution of a research network in Europe and in several emerging countries. It will be dedicated to the study of links between the new forms of technological engineering and engineer’s training policies at university or in institutions of higher education the national an