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X-ray tomography techniques have known a tremendous development in recent years. The project EDDAM aims at using the high spatial (sub-micrometer) and temporal (sub-second) resolution of X-ray imaging on ESRF beamlines ID15 and ID19 to follow in-situ elaboration, phase transformation, and mechanical

The objective is to master laser-induced refractive index changes and optical functions in MIR in bulk mid-infrared materials (e.g. chalcogenides) that respond to requirements in integrated spectrometry concepts. This involves: -generating knowledge on laser structural modifications. -tuning index p

The vision behind this project is to provide a novel method to control combustion in internal combustion engines, especially finding new ways to control ignition delays, speed of flame propagation, combustion efficiency, and to reduce pollutant production. Over the past decade, many experiments hav

This project is related to the understanding of transport/transfer of species in ionic conducting membranes. The results obtained will be used to develop new generations of protonic conducting membranes but some applications can be found in different domains as electrolysis, electrodialysis or fuel

One of the major challenges of ITER tokamak is related to edge turbulence. The latter affects both the lifetime of wall components and the fusion performance. As a result, large efforts are put worldwide in the development of numerical simulations of edge turbulence. However, the quantities measured

The long term objectives of this project are the synthesis and the acoustic characterization of acoustic metamaterials. We use two methods to reach this objective: 1) Synthesis and characterization of core-shell and air-shell particles 2) Synthesis and acoustic characterization of resonant monodis

This project was restricted to metals and alloys getting a FCC structure (or close): the copper and the intermetallic alloy TiAl which exhibits a brittle/ductile transition at high temperature. Moreover, this latter system allows using the lamellar microstructure as a “marker” of the temperature his

We propose to combine a pseudo spectral solver with the volume penalization technique. This approach will be used to simulate and thereby better understand the dynamics of fusion plasmas, Alfvén wave propagation and reflection, and the dynamo problem. We have currently published one paper in Physica

The peak performances of many technical applications like aircraft, ground vehicles, compressors, wind turbines, combustors and so forth, are strongly decreased by flow separation. Flow separation control remains, therefore, in most technical applications of major interest to increase efficiency and

- Context: Since decades, the treatment of bone diseases is a challenge due to the apparent inability of bone to self-repair. There is no effective therapy available and patients can only be helped by surgical joint replacement. Therefore, tissue engineering for bone regeneration appears as the m

Loudness (the subjective level of a sound) is a basic character of a sound. Some models exist in order to describe this sensation from measurements of the signal, but they are restricted to some cases. Signals should be monaural, or equal at the two ears of the listener (presented through headphones

The objectives of the DISCERN project is to study the critical issue of noise sources associated with combustion. Identifying these sources by simulation or modelling remains difficult and it is still necessary today to test and validate new concepts with measurements on prototypes. Discerning contr

In this project we wish to take advantage of the vessel permeable structure, arising in angiogenesis, for imaging and therapeutic purposes. To do so we have started to develop novel nanosized Ultrasound Contrast Agents (nUCA) capable to cross the tumor vasculature and to exhibit the three simultaneo

Encapsulation consists in protecting a substance with a solid envelope. It avoids its dispersion in the ambient environment or its degradation in contact with it. The use of capsules (encapsulated liquid droplets) is common in nature (red blood cells, phospholipid vesicles) and in different industri

Fretting cause damages which decrease highly the lifetime of industrial systems. It is a major cause of early break of part. All industrial domains are concerned: transport, energy,… This phenomenon is characterized by very small sliding amplitudes significantly smaller than the contact size. Under

Laser ultrasonics (LU) is an experimental technique providing opportunity to generate and detect acoustic waves by lasers in samples under extreme conditions and in hostile environment without contacting the materials. It is possible to measure the acoustic velocities and the dimensions of material

In the world context of energy density demand, a technological innovation is needed to reach 300-400Wh/kg energy density. Conversion materials (CM) provide a real technologic breakthrough with their strong energy density. This new materials offer the exchange of up to 12Li comparing with up to 1Li

- development of new reliable experimental techniques to characterize the onset of fracture at low stress triaxialities - formulation of constutive models for predicting fracture at low stress triaxialities - new type of fracture specimen for tension-torsion testing - comprehensive experimental pro

Our project brings together an industrial issue (the ultrasonic characterization of strongly scattering media like poly-crystals, steel, concrete or biological media) and a question of more fundamental interest (random matrices and wave propagation in complex non-linear media). Ultrasonic waves are

Extending nuclear power plants lifetime requires a very good knowledge and a good control of the mechanisms of ageing of all their components. The mechanisms of ageing of the components of a nuclear reactor are very varied. Some of them, such as material fatigue, stress corrosion, corrosion-erosion,

The objective is to analyse the existing bibliography about the hydrodynamics coeffcients for non spherical particles. The particle/wall interaction are also studied. The present work verifies the ability of commercial CFD to determinate the hydrodynamics forces on non-spherical particles. Results s

Biomass is the renewable resource with the highest potential for energy production. Presently, research studies focus on biomass thermochemical conversion to produce other energetic vectors more appropriate to be conveyed, such as power, gas or liquid products. Pyrolysis is the first fundamental mec

Although nanofiltration (NF) has attracted increasing attention over the recent years, its current industrial applications are still limited compared to the great potentialities of this separation process. The major reason is that the physical phenomena involved in the separation process by nanoporo

This project is concerned with the fundamental study of a novel damage detection and imaging method in reverberant and complex media. The principle of this method is based on the use of ambient acoustic noise as a substitute to an incident ultrasound field as generated for conventional nondestructiv

The first issue concerns the understanding of physical and chemical interactions between polar molecules linked by strong hydrogen bonds and less polar polymers in the vicinity of the boiling point of the liquid. The second issue relates to the huge difference in viscosity and rheological behavior b

More than 2.2 million bone grafting procedures (autologous bone graft and banked bone) take place annually worldwide to ensure adequate bone healing in many skeletal problems. Due to its histocompatible and nonimmunogenic features, autologous bone harvested from donor sites, such as the iliac crest,

The project addresses the interior noise generated by the turbulent boundary layer around modern transportation vehicle such as aircrafts, high speed trains and automotives. The excitation by the wall turbulence usually constitutes a major internal noise contribution during cruising trip. The random

Microfluidics allows to manipulate and control flow of small quantities of liquids. The field is evolving at a rapid pace and has the potential to influence diverse subject areas from chemical synthesis and biological analysis to optics and information technology. Microfluidic devices are in princip

The objective of this project is to fabricate Deep Trench SuperJunction power devices (diodes and MOSFETs) in the 600-1200 Volts voltage range. Deep vertical etchings were obtained by ICP-DRIE at LAAS and by electrochemistry at GREMAN. PIII implantations were performed on top wafer at IBS: it remain

The analysis and the characterization of the growth of children's bones are still an open question and crucial for various applications. Regarding clinical concerns, it is important to progress in the knowledge of the metabolism of the children’s bone, and to give biological markers of this metaboli

The treatment of osteoarticular pathologies by tissue engineering faces some hurdles. The cells currently used (chondrocytes, osteocytes, or mesenchymal stem cells (MSC)) have shown the clinical feasibility of this treatment for certain osteoarticular disorders, however they also showed some limitat

During the last decade, both experimental and theoretical micromechanical analyses have been significantly improved. Many efforts tend to understand the systematic heterogeneity of strain at the micrometer or even finer scale (intra- and inter-granular strain heterogeneities) that are highlighted ex

A switching device is a key component for high power electronics commutation. A high breakdowng voltage associated with a low conduction resistance, and a fast switching capability with a low switching loss are needed for high power commutation device. Wide band gap semiconductors are the best mater

High energy ultrafast lasers, emitting laser pulses with temporal duration of hundred of femtoseconds, are acquiring increasing interest in the industrial and scientific areas owing to the impressive progress they have recently experienced, and unlocking numerous applications such as secondary radia

Surface control and tailoring nanophase material are topics at the frontiers of fundamental and applied sciences and represent major theoretical issues as well as industrial and economical stakes. In the pharmaceutical sector, a new strategy for modulating the physical and chemical properties of dru

In several low-temperature plasma applications, it is desirable to generate plasmas with very few or even no electrons. In microelectronics for instance, plasma etching may generate surface charging due to hot electrons, leading to damages in the patterned circuit. In plasma thrusters, electrons exp

Because of their original properties, liquid foams have become the subject of intense fundamental studies over the last 30 years. Rapid progress has been made on questions concerning foam structure, stability, drainage and rheology. Many of these studies reveal the importance of the physico-chemical

Betavoltaics are promising electrical power sources for micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), low accessibility environmental sensors, pacemakers and biomedical implants, space applications and any small load electronic devices where size, weight and/or accessibility is an issue. Betavoltaics are

a a a a The CAGIMA project is interested in the defects of the tuning of reed musical instruments as well as their homogeneity of emission and timbre, from the point of view of both the musician and the instrument maker. It aspires to integrate as well as possible the constraints relative to e

In the frame of the project e-PLAST (ANR Blanc 2006), CINaM (Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille) and LP3 laboratories have succeeded to print for the first time an Organic Thin Film Transistor (OTFT) by means of a laser process. This process called LIFT (Laser-Induced Forward Tran

The study of combustion in porous media has a long history in the literature from the petroleum engineering perspective. With the decrease of resources in the past decade and a high rise of barrel prices, non conventional resources have encountered a higher interest because they now represent the ma