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Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and atmospheric oxidants have critical roles in the troposphere by notably ubiquitously forming organic particles that have major impacts on climate change and air quality. Of primary importance, ultrafine particles are believed to occur through the condensation of

The LAVAS (Lesser Antilles subduction : Volatiles And Seismicity) project proposes a multi-disciplinary study of the relationship between the migration of deep-seated fluids to the seafloor/surface and seismicity in the Lesser Antilles region. The project has three components: (a) evaluation of data

The recent identification of large quantities of fresh to low saline waters in coastal submarine sedimentary prisms extending under the sea (Offshore Freshened Groundwaters, OFG) requires to revisit our understanding of the dynamics of coastal aquifers, and to consider how these volumes of freshwate

In mountain ranges, landslides play a dominant role in the erosion of hillslopes and the evolution of landscapes. They vary greatly in size, geometry and rate of deformation, from catastrophic landslides to extremely slow deformation. Despite this diversity, most studies on the contribution of lands

Wildfires are an ever-present and increasing threat in Europe. Due to climate change, the length of the fire season, as well as the size, intensity and severity of wildfires have increased in Europe, and this trend is set to continue. Wildfires are a massive, highly variable, and uncontrollable sour

Assessing the evolution of the Earth’s surface, one of the most important drivers of abiotic and biotic processes, remains a major challenge of Earth and Environmental Sciences today. The Earth’s surface elevation reflects the interplay between deep and surface processes. The world’s highest Himalay

Sustainable exploitation of karst systems requires to understand how these complex structures are formed with important impact on their hydrodynamic, vulnerability to contaminant, and storage capacity. The traditional paradigm of karst formation assumes that both dissolution and erosion occur at the

The role of forest ecosystems in the current global ecological crisis is critical, yet we are far from understanding the full range of factors that affect forest nutrition and that condition their ability to act and respond to climate. The ecosystem services provided by forests are limited by the wa

Nanoparticles (NPs) are used in a wide range of industrial, agricultural, and domestic applications, most of which are toxic, persistent, and bioaccumulative. Generally, predicting the fate of contaminants in soils is an extremely challenging task, primarily due to the complexity of soils and the la

The Young Toba Tuff (YTT) super-eruption occurred 74 ky ago in Sumatra and is considered to be a single, brief, cataclysmic volcanic event. However, its climatic and environmental impact is the subject of lively debate. The critical issues remain the quantity and dynamics of its sulphur emissions, w

Rainfall projections in the tropics are subject to large uncertainty. Past rainfall changes offer insight into how rainfall responds to climate changes. However, rainfall reconstructions diverge in some regions depending on whether they are based on the water isotopic composition or on other proxies

About 445 million years ago, the end of the Ordovician witnessed the second largest biotic crisis in Earth’s history, most likely caused by widespread marine anoxia. This mass extinction coincided with major climate change, culminating with the growth and demise of extensive ice sheets in southern

Glaciers play an active role in the high-latitude dust cycle and Earth’s climate by producing huge amounts of silt-sized sediments. However, our current understanding of glaciers and the dust cycle remains limited, although critical in view of the ongoing global ice retreat and associated increase i

Gas-phase chemical reactions are important in a wide variety of environments such as combustion, Earth’s atmosphere, and dense interstellar clouds. Modelling such environments requires a detailed understanding of the mechanisms and rate coefficients of key reactions that define the system. In the at

The MADALPS project aims to understand the MechAnism and Distribution of the western ALPs’ Seismicity, by means of an integrated approach (seismology, tectonics, geodesy). It explores the seismogenic processes, focusing on swarm dynamics, and integrates the relationships between properties of seismi

Equatorial regions, known for their vigorous air-sea coupled processes, exert a global influence on the Earth's climate. Cold tongue regions in the eastern Atlantic and Pacific Oceans constitute the main ocean heat uptake, the main oceanic source of carbon to the atmosphere and a site with significa

The gaseous and particulate matter emissions due to volcanic activity may have important impacts on the tropospheric and stratospheric composition, the distribution and properties of low and high clouds, the regional- to global-scale radiation budget, and then climate. Volcanic emissions have been i

The Hydrolink project proposes a holistic and original approach to produce simulations, predictions and projections of average and extreme groundwater and surface water levels in the entire Seine basin, in the short (a few days), medium (3 to 6 months) and long (2070 and 2100) terms, with a particul

The response of tropical wetlands to climate change in terms of carbon storage remains highly uncertain, in particular because the mineralization of organic matter as a function of bacterial activity and the reduction of iron over time is still debated. The objective of this project is therefore to

Phreatic eruptions are small but dangerous events that occur with limited unrest and little warning. They can eject bombs and ash, and even give rise to pyroclastic density flows. Despite the increasing awareness of the high risk associated with phreatic eruptions, a knowledge gap exists regarding

The pace of anthropogenic climate change shows no signs of slowing down. The latest IPCC report highlights that every compartment of the Earth System is impacted by the catastrophic consequences of anthropogenic climate change. In the ocean, one major consequence is the loss of oxygen, which has bee

The MiKroAVEN project aims at deciphering the impact of the activity of subsurface microbial ecosystems on the functioning and habitability of the Critical Zone. This superficial pellicule of the Earth, whose dynamics are based on the coupling between hydrological, geological and biological processe

The "cold nose" is a major mechanical discontinuity where deformation occurs that influences seismicity. Although fluids are recognized as playing a crucial role, several questions remain about their trajectories, their short-term (seismicity) and long-term (mantle viscosity) effects. Seismological

Over the past decade, the proliferation of sargassum in the Caribbean and off the coast of West Africa has become a major concern, with recurring beachings and accumulations posing socio-economic and health risks. To address these challenges, the SAMOUSSA project aims to enhance our ability to antic

Mercury (Hg) is a ubiquitous toxicant harmful to human health and the environment. Consumption of Hg-contaminated fish and seafood increases the risk for cardiovascular diseases and cognitive impairments. This global contamination issue is addressed under the 2017 Minamata Convention which commits i

This project, which builds on the results of the ANR COCOA project, aims at improving the representation of turbulent ocean-atmosphere exchanges in climate models by taking into account their modulation by waves using ocean-waves-atmosphere coupled modelling systems. Waves form by absorbing momentum

The Amazonian rainforest is one of the largest carbon sinks on Earth, sequestrating annually 0.42–0.65 PgC, but its status is questioned by the rapid disruption caused by climate change. In this region, the productivity of the Amazon rainforest may be limited by the low availability of nutrients pro

Relief and altitude of mountain ranges decrease after convergence has stopped, as does CO2 uptake - an important input into global climate models. However, the reduction in relief is not necessarily monotonous and may involve what we call relief rejuvenation, i.e. increase in relief and erosion rene