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This ANR project RELANSE explores matter properties in a regime where the theory of the strong interaction, the quantum chromo-dynamics (QCD), could not be applied directly because of its non-perturbative nature at low-energy. This theory predicts however the onset of a chiral field emerging spontan

The first observation of gravitational waves from coalescing binary systems formed by binary black holes and neutron stars opened the field of gravitational astronomy. Further events and new sources of gravitational waves will be detected with the improvements of Virgo and LIGO and the beginning of

Direct reactions are a cornerstone of our understanding of nuclear structure, providing experimental information on the single-particle and collective properties of nuclear states. While neutron transfer reactions revealed a plethora of new information on nuclear structure, the proton transfer react

The present proposal aims at precise measurements of the electroweak mixing angle with the P2 experiment at MESA. In connection with measurements from the LEP and LHC colliders, a detailed study and interpretation of the evolution of this fundamental parameter as a function of momentum transfer wil

The origin of cosmic rays represents a major missing block in our understanding of the Universe. The main challenge we face is that, being charged, they are deviated in their journey from their natural accelerator to the Earth. There is however an indirect way to study their acceleration sites: wher

For decades we have tried to explain the value of the Higgs boson mass in terms of symmetry. We have expected new symmetries and the new particles realizing them, to appear, first at LEP, then at the Tevatron and finally at the LHC. After more than 40 years we have not observed them and the origin o

The precise reconstruction of all products of a particle interaction is of critical importance for the discovery reach and the potential for precision measurements of fundamental aspects of the properties and interactions of elementary particles. The detectors at future particle colliders use highly

The radioactive background induced by 222Rn is one of the strongest constraints on sensitivity in low-energy and very low counting rate experiments in particle and astroparticle physics, including neutrinoless double beta decay and the direct detection of dark matter. These constraints require an ex

DIRECTA (Deep learnIng in REal time for the Cherenkov Telescope Array), as the name states, is a project to apply deep learning solutions based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA), in real-time. It is a continuation of the GammaLearn project, that already d

The idea of the project is to re-use optical modules of ANTARES neutrino telescope, that has recently finished data taking, in a novel type Water-Cherenkov Detector Array (WCDA) for detection of cosmic ray electrons and gamma-rays. The spectrum of cosmic ray electrons has been previously measured up

One of the golden objectives of the hadron physics community is to access the 3D tomography of the nucleon in terms of quarks and gluons. The latter is encoded in generalised parton distributions (GPDs) which describe deep exclusive processes. After two decades of pioneering measurements, the commun

Meson or lepton decays to escaping particles provide a key method to probe the existence of light new particles, or to measure very rare or forbidden processes. Such processes are searched for primarily through pair-produced mesons or leptons, one of which yields the decay of interest, and the other

The project aims to study the impact of the time accuracy in calorimeters on the reconstruction quality of Particle Flow Algorithms (PFA) and in particular to determine which time accuracy is necessary to improve the separation of close by hadronic and electromagnetic showers. To do so, the modellin

The existence of dark matter, supported by a variety of astrophysical measurements, is one of the main puzzles in fundamental physics. As of today, one of the most favored candidates as a dark matter particle is a weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) in the mass range above 1 GeV and below 10

Light charged particles and neutrons produced during interaction of galactic cosmic rays (GCR) in shielding materials can lead to significant dose to astronauts during a space flight. In this context, Monte Carlo (MC) simulations are often used to estimate the radiation fields to which astronauts wo

The transport of cosmic rays (CRs) in our Galaxy is a multidisciplinary topic at the intersection between astroparticles, nuclear physics and plasma astrophysics. More than a century after their discovery, our understanding of the microphysics responsible for CR transport is being seriously challeng

Collisions between two heavy ions in particle colliders allow us to study the properties of strongly interacting matter with high energy density. Such collisions create small systems with up to a few thousand produced particles which are found to behave as fluids with remarkable properties. The e

According to detector R&D roadmaps established by the high-energy physics community, Monolithic active pixel sensors fabricated in a CMOS technology (MAPS) are foreseen to play a major role as detection devices in a large number of future collider experiment projects. Still current MAPS do not match

The study of galaxy formation and evolution is one of the major topics of current extragalactic astrophysics. In the last few years, amazing progress has been made regarding the observational study of galaxy properties up to the highest redshift. JWST is making an impressive leap forward in the expl

The quest for dark energy (DE) in the universe is central to modern cosmology. Whether in the form of a cosmological constant, an exotic form of matter or the consequence of a modified theory of gravity (MG), its nature still remains unknown. The goal of the ProGraceRay project is to build robust pr

The goal of this ANR project is to open a new route toward Ho using the Baade-Wesselink method (BW) of Cepheid distance determination. The concept of the method is simple: The variation of the angular diameter (from surface brightness-color relations or interferometry) is compared to the variation o

The wide range of nuclear physics applications, and especially applications using nuclear reactions, can be distinguished into two major regimes. First, there is the low-energy regime of, e.g., nuclear power plants. For such applications, essentially all relevant nuclear data can and have been measu

The Rubin-LSST (Large Survey of Space and Time) project is a deep survey of the sky with an 8.40 diameter telescope equipped with a 3.2 billion pixel camera. Starting in 2024, it will map the southern sky for 10 years, with 800 photometric measurements per object, obtained through 6 wide visible ban

Exoplanets are ubiquitous in our galaxy but the processes that drive their formation and evolution are still largely uncertain. Extrasolar giant planets (EGPs) are an essential class of objects because they gravitationally dominate their planetary systems, and they can either enhance or inhibit the

Galaxies are factories in which gas gravitationally collapse to form stars. This process is very inefficient: the gas-to-star conversion timescale is ~200 times smaller than the free-fall time. The origin of this inefficiency is one of the main open questions in the field of galaxy evolution. In par

Gravitational-wave (GW) astronomy, which began in 2015, has already achieved a number of very important results in various fields, such as general relativity, astrophysics and cosmology. The "second generation" (2G) detector network, which includes LIGO, Virgo and KAGRA, has a rich scientific progra

The Parker Solar Probe (PSP), launched in 2018, has unraveled a much more dynamic solar wind than expected by previous theories and observations. In particular, it has observed many magnetic field reversals, associated with velocity jets, during its perihelia. These so-called ‘switchbacks’, have bee

Weak gravitational lensing is a key probe of the distribution of dark matter in the Universe; it is one of the main focuses of stage-IV galaxy surveys such as Euclid and the Legacy Survey of Space and Time. The standard weak-lensing measure – cosmic shear – consists in observing the apparent alignme

Hot Jupiters are the best targets for atmospheric characterisation. The new generation of telescopes such as the JWST will provide quantitative measurements of their chemical composition, allowing to trace their formation history. However, these planets are intrinsically 3D objects and low spectral