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Prediction of subduction earthquakes mostly relies on interplate coupling models providing patterns of slip deficit between tectonic plates. These coupling patterns are interpreted in the framework of elasto-dynamics and rate-and-state friction laws. However, this framework has been challenged by r

Volcanic hazard is still an issue in the French Massif Central (FMC) because the last eruptions are dated at 6700 yrs BP. Indeed, seismic bursts and geodetic uplift related to volcano-magmatic activity have recently been detected in the Eifel region (Germany), which belongs to the same European Ceno

Fluid pressure perturbations induce earthquakes at different scales, both in natural seismic swarms or during anthropogenic activities in geological reservoirs. In both contexts, seismicity may either stop on its own or be the precursor to larger, damaging earthquakes. For seismic risk mitigation an

The 13-year (2004-2017) exploration of the Saturnian system by the Cassini-Huygens mission has revealed that Titan's atmospheric chemistry is by far the most complex of any observed in the solar system. In the upper atmosphere, Cassini's mass spectrometers (INMS and CAPS) detected the presence of po

The structure and dynamics of Earth's mantle and core are determined by the heat flux across the core-mantle boundary (CMB). The CMB heat flux pattern affects the morphologies of core convection and the generated geomagnetic field. Paleo- and archeomagnetic field models provide valuable insights int

Collision initiation is defined by the onset of accretion of the marginal part of continents. Compared to subduction initiation and mature collision stages, collision initiation is not integrated in plate tectonic models. This limits the interpretation of crustal mass budget in mountain belts, which

The origin of volatile elements on Earth is a central question for understanding how our planet was formed. Various scenarios suggest volatiles were sourced either from the inner or outer solar system, and were delivered to Earth early or late in the accretion sequence. The various models have widel

Some meteorites contain xenolithic clasts that are made of material genetically unrelated to the host rock. Xenolithic clasts can be composed of materials not sampled by meteorites. They may potentially represent an underexploited source of primitive, volatile-rich material. During the four-year CLA

The elemental and isotopic composition of sedimentary pyrites is commonly used to trace the evolution of ocean chemistry and redox state through geological times. In particular, iron isotopes in pyrite appear to trace the redox state of ancient oceans in response to the progressive rise of atmospher

The Project IONO-DIET aims to develop, for the first time, ionosphere-based methods that will detect earthquakes and tsunamis in near-real-time (NRT), and will determine the earthquake source parameters and/or tsunami wave-heights from the ionosphere in NRT. The latter will be done based on detectio

This interdisciplinary project aims at going beyond the subjective nature of descriptive morphology in determining biogenicity by means of novel applications of well-established techniques (morphology, mineralogy, petrology, X-ray microtomography, synchrotron radiation induced X-ray fluorescence, bu

The mineral and isotopic composition, and the 3D spatial distribution of asteroid constituents are key parameters to understand the physico-chemical processes operating in the protoplanetary disk and/or in the asteroidal parent bodies all along Solar System history. The sample return missions Hayabu

Because of its oxidation state varying from 2- to 6+ sulphur is the king of reactive elements on Earth. In the magmatic realm, the multitude of reactions that it can show, and so its possible forms and occurrences, are related to the properties of silicate melts. Sulphur is then a unique key to set

While organic matter is a pivotal component of all Life on Earth, many unknowns surround its origin and evolution throughout the Solar System. Observation and identification of organic matter are major questions in planetary science and primary objectives for space missions. Meteorite analyses, remo

This project aims to understand the origin of the differences in carbon and sulfur contents and isotopic signatures between Earth and Mars. Thanks to an experimental approach, this project will determine C and S partitioning and isotopic fractionation during planetary core formation and during the

The diversity of planets in our solar system as well as in exoplanets is opening an exciting field of research, with important questions regarding their structure, evolution, composition, and surface habitability. During the early stage of a planet, the primordial energy released is responsible for

With the JUICE and Europa-Clipper missions, the Galilean moons will be intensively explored in this decade and the next one. These missions will allow a major leap forward in our understanding of the moons’ formation conditions, provided we properly interpret the data in terms of the physical and ch

The release of metals associated with magmatic degassing is a critical process in Earth Sciences that is not only key to the development of early life on Earth or the formation of many ore deposits but may also have negative environmental impacts (e.g. release of heavy metals in high concentrations

Binary asteroids are key objects to understanding the intimate internal nature of asteroids as for them, it is possible to compute the total mass and the bulk density. The formation itself of asteroid satellites can be the result of collisions, fission and rotational spin up, whose issue depends on

The deep carbon cycle is the recycling of carbon toward the deep Earth, i.e., mantle and core. Preventing all of the Earth's carbon from entering the atmosphere, it maintains suitable conditions for life existence. In the modern Earth, the transfer of carbon from surface to depth is limited to subdu