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To date, dynamics of transmission of Multi-Drug Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (MDR-E, including Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase and Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae) have been mainly studied in hospitals. Several studies suggest, however, that MDR-E spread widely in the community through h

Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) is a prion disease that affects wild and farmed cervids. CWD is a highly contagious: over the last 15 years the disease has spread across the whole United States of America and Canada. The CWD epidemics reached a stage where it now threatens the long term survival of c

Oyster farming is more and more based on selective breeding programs, a practice that still requires antibiotic treatment of genitors in hatcheries. Our preliminary data suggest that antibiotic resistance is a common feature in environmental vibrios and that oysters could act as hotspots of horizont

Theory predicts that coinfections, when a host harbours more than one parasite, can drive epidemics and virulence evolution. Competition between parasites for shared host resources, or mediated via the immune system, are predicted to select for higher virulence. In contrast, facilitation between par

The main goal of the ResisTrack project is to investigate an array of candidate antibiotic stewardship and infection control (AS/IC) interventions to identify optimal strategies and to understand how antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) spread in hospitals. Using in silico simulation of global

Plasmodium vivax, a human malaria parasite characterized by a succession of several colonization events, represents an interesting model to study how pathogens adapt themselves to new environments. Present in almost all inter-tropical regions, in the Americas two events of colonization happened for

The worldwide emergence of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) bacteria relies on both the ability of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) to spread antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and the capacity of successful clones to disseminate. Evidence for the environmental origin of AMR in human and veterinary clin

The World Health Organization has declared antimicrobial resistance one of the biggest threats to modern health. Resistance integrons are genetic platforms allowing bacteria to adapt rapidly to antibiotic pressure through acquisition, stockpiling and expression of antibiotic resistance gene cassette

The emergent crop diseases, a high proportion of which are caused by viruses, are a significant burden on food security and economic stability of societies, especially in developing countries. Rice is the most important human food crop in the world, and it is becoming increasingly important in Afric

Viable but non culturable cells (VBNC) are cells that are no longer able to grow but able to resuscitate upon specific stimuli. Upon VBNC induction, a minority subpopulation of yeasts (

The intestinal microbiota is central in the antibiotic resistance phenomenon. Nonetheless, the impact of antibiotics on the intestinal microbiota remains poorly described, mainly because of the lack of phenotypic characterization of the resistance mechanisms of intestinal bacteria. Here, we propose

Salmonella is a worldwide foodborne pathogen. Its pathogenicity resides in a group of genes clustered together forming pathogenicity islands (SPIs) that allow Salmonella to survive and replicate along its complex infection cycle. Many efforts were done to identify regulatory factors (e.g.: Nucleoid

Pathogens actually share host plants with a myriad of other microbes, some of them being pathogenic. Multiple infections, or ‘co-infection’, occur when a single host plant is infected by various pathogen species, or genotypes. This is known to affect symptom expression and/or pathogen multiplication

Aedes aegypti is the main mosquito vector of several arboviruses of medical significance. Its vectorial capacity is influenced by manifold genetic and environmental factors, including the microbiota. Disentangling genetic and non-genetic drivers of Ae. aegypti microbiota and vectorial capacity is cu

Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne bacterial contaminant causing a dangerous zoonosis, listeriosis. The virulence mechanisms of this pathogen have been extensively studied, but its asymptomatic carriage in the host is poorly understood. We have discovered a phase of intracellular persistence of

Viruses hijack the molecular machinery of host cells to complete their replication cycle, a process frequently associated with the production of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). We aim to unravel the molecular mechanisms involved in dsRNAs sensing by the host machinery and to identify host factors with