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Coastal zones are under strong natural and anthropogenic pressures including climate change, which undoubtedly affect the quality of coastal waters essential for biogeochemical, ecological, and economic reasons. Economic, social and cultural impact could arise through more accurate and targeted blue

In the last 50 years, the number of megacities has increased more than ten times, currently housing more than half of the world population. Air pollution is among the top of challenges faced by those regions, accounting for over 5 million deaths per year worldwide. While the anthropogenic nature of

The meteorological phenomena draw their energy from the Earth's surface and dissipate most of their energy close to the surface. The land surface, through its topography, soil moisture, temperature or vegetation activity, impacts the atmosphere from daily to seasonal time scale. Land surface process

The response of the deep ocean carbonate system and CaCO3 dissolution to changes in the carbon cycle (‘carbonate compensation’) is a first order control on atmospheric CO2 on timescales of ~10^3 to 10^5 years. Carbonate compensation is thought to account for up to ~half of the glacial drawdown of CO

Almost all natural H2 seepages identified over the last 30 years, both on the continents and on the seafloors, are from ultramafic geological environments where olivine and pyroxene serpentinization is the source of H2. There is, however, another very different geological context where spectacular e

1. What are the oxidation pathways for VOCs within mixed anthropogenic/biogenic air masses? The pathways by which VOCs are oxidised potentially has implications for the partitioning of carbon compounds between the gas and aerosol phases because of the different products that are formed. In addition

While offshore transport is strongly linked to current, accretion is linked to wave-generated fluxes occurring in the WBL, generated by steady streaming and wave shape streaming mainly via bedload transport. Previous experiments and numerical studies show that wave boundary layer dynamics are induce

Rare and extreme event statistics are characterized by the average time between two occurrences, called return time. Estimating the return times of a heatwave with a surface temperature exceeding a high threshold (return level) during a month, is a crucial question for public agencies. In order to p

Since the beginnings of the industrial period, the exploitation of the underground resources has been constantly expanding, in line with the ever-increasing demand of mankind to satisfy their needs and comfort. This exploitation of the subsoil has strong impacts on the environment notably with the g

Over much of Antarctica, the surface mass balance (SMB) is controlled by a few extreme events, resulting in high natural variability in this variable. In particular, it has recently been shown that extreme moisture intrusions related to atmospheric rivers (AR) from the Southern Ocean are major sourc

The main scope of MicroPump iss to address the mechanisms driving the microbial carbon pump in the ocean, with a closer look into HP-DOM dynamics in the Mediterranean Sea. Specific questions to be addressed are: 1) Which are the major metabolic pathways for HP-DOM production? Is the production r

Accelerated soil erosion alters lateral exports of carbon (C) along the land to ocean aquatic continuum (LOAC) that needs to be accounted for closing the global C budget. However, monitoring data do not extend back as far as few decades, limiting our comprehension of the role of soil erosion and its

The objective of the Nutrilift project is to understand and quantify the role of deep roots - especially regarding nutrients - in the functioning of the tropical critical zone. We hypothesize that in natural forests, deep-rooted species can derive part of their nutrient resources from increased mine

Biomass burning (BB) and wildfire-produced atmospheric particles are significant contributors to global atmospheric particulate matter, with strong impacts on ecosystems, public health and climate. Yet these impacts are highly uncertain, largely owing to our inability to track BB particulate matter

The HighLand project proposes to combine seismology, remote sensing and machine learning to quantify the impact of climate on mass-wasting activity in regions of high latitude or altitude. The first objective of the project is the development of new processing chains to build, from the continuous re

The Plate Tectonics theory fails to explain the occurrence of deformation and earthquakes in Stable Continental Regions (SCR, areas far from plate boundaries, over half of continental surfaces). Recent studies show that climate-related processes such as erosion and hydrology can strongly influence f

Chemical weathering plays an important role in sequestering atmospheric CO2, but its potential influence on global climate over geological time remains debated. To some extent, this uncertainty arises from the difficulty in separating the respective contribution of igneous/metamorphic and sedimentar

Current terrestrial ecosystems did not develop until plants had colonized the land, a crucial phenomenon for the evolution of global biodiversity. Indeed, it is thought that the evolution of early vegetation triggered major climatic transitions and mass extinctions. EARTHGREEN aims at providing new

At high latitudes, permafrost, soil remaining below 0°C for 2 consecutive years, is rapidly evolving in relation to climate change. Permafrost soils store 50% of the global soil organic carbon stock. If this long-term sequestered organic carbon stock is released into the active carbon cycle, it coul

Carbon storage and biogeochemical cycling in soil is influenced by physical, chemical and biological processes, which are most often studied separately. Our project aims to overcome this limitation as it elucidates the impact of soil fauna, in particular earthworms, on the formation of organo-minera

The tipping of some components of the Earth system to new states as a result of global change has become a major concern. The project assumes that tipping points exist in the hydrological cycle and that they could be the cause of the durable hydrological changes observed in part of West Africa, as a