Search

Aging and metabolic syndrome are associated with atherosclerosis, a worldwide leading cause of death. Fighting atherosclerosis and its clinical complications is thus a major challenge in public health. However, current treatments target either cardiovascular risk factors or complications of atherosc

Despite the tremendous progress made in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiovascular (CV) diseases, they continue to cause a large proportion of deaths and disability in Europe, and place a substantial burden on the health care systems and economies of Europe. Numerous epidemiologic

Mitochondria hold a central role in cell metabolism as they produce the bulk part of the energy currency ATP through the oxidative phosphorylation system. Beside their role in energy transduction, mitochondria are also involved in some intermediary metabolism pathways, Calcium homeostasis, cell beha

Bone pathologies exhibit diverse and often combined genetic, hormonal, inflammatory and environmental origins. These pathologies (osteopetrosis, osteolysis expensive, Paget ‘s disease, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, bone cancer metastasis...), affecting altogether millions peoples around the wo

Obesity, insulin resistance, and type-2 diabetes (T2D) are growing health concerns, and the incidence and prevalence of these diseases are increasing worldwide. Beside dietary treatment, the current therapeutic strategies consist of 2 main types of products: those dealing with complications of obesi

Renal insufficiency is a frequent disorder affecting 10% of the population. It is associated with elevated risks of cardiovascular death at any stage of the disorder. The causes of the high cardiovascular morbidity remain uncertain and are only weakly associated with the traditional risk factors. I

Ischemic stroke continues to be one of the most frequent causes of death or disability. The only approved treatment is based on reperfusion therapy with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) either alone or combined with thrombectomy within a therapeutic window of respectively 4h30 and 6h,

Polyploidy is a state in which cells possess more than two sets of homologous chromosomes (e.g. 4n, 8n). In physiological conditions, the conversion from diploidy to polyploidy is a part of development and differentiation programs. In certain tissues, the genesis of polyploid cells is also linked to

Despite a better management of risk factors, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the principal cause of deaths worldwide. So far, efficient treatments to treat CVD are lacking. Atherosclerosis represents the common feature of CVD. Atherosclerosis initiates at endothelial level and is characterized

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including ischemic heart disease (IHD), are the main cause of mortality in nearly all European Union member states, accounting for almost 40% of all deaths in the region in 2011. In particular, the cardiovascular risk in people with diabetes mellitus is two to three ti

Nephronophthisis (NPH) is an autosomal recessive kidney disorder characterized by chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis with massive interstitial fibrosis and cyst formation at the cortico-medullar junction. It represents a main cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) during infancy. NPH belongs to c

DESCRIPTION OF THE DISEASE AND STATE OF KNOWLEDGE: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rare, lethal disease with a mean survival of three years. IPF is characterized by the proliferation of myofibroblasts and the accumulation of extracellular-matrix (ECM) in the lungs. Transforming Growth Facto

Coordination of nutrient sensing and signal transduction is essential for achieving metabolic homeostasis. Misalignments of metabolism and signalling underline pathologies including metabolic syndrome and diabetes, having major socio-economic impact. It is important to understand molecular mechanism

ß-cat target oncogenes expression and ACF formation are mechanically induced in healthy tissues, in response to pathological permanent tumour growth mechanical pressure. To show this, our consortium developed a unique method of magnetization of the mesenchemial conjunctive tissue of mice colon with

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) such as atherosclerosis and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. In particular, AMI is mainly the complication of atherosclerotic plaque rupture or erosion, and coronary artery occlusion by a thrombus. Inflammatory mechanisms a

The regulation of energy balance by the central nervous system (CNS) is a key actor of energy homeostasis in mammals. Deregulations of the fine mechanisms of nutrient sensing in brain could lead to several metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. The Fat4Brain project will investigate

Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Current guidelines highlight the need for new treatment options able to decrease plasma cholesterol levels beyond those presently achieved. Discovered in 2003, the Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin Kexin of Type 9 (PCSK9)

We, and others recently discovered that GDF11, a TGF-ß superfamily member, acts as an autocrine potent inhibitor of erythropoiesis by blocking terminal differentiation of red cell progenitors, by yet unexplained mechanism. Interestingly, we showed that GDF11 was increased in splenic erythroblasts fr

Chronic kidney disease (CKD), a major socioeconomic worldwide public health burden, is characterized by a progressive decline in renal function to end stage renal disease that can occur irrespective of the cause of the renal damage once a critical number of nephrons has been lost. Understanding the

Glycogen storage disease 1a (GSD1a) is a rare metabolic disease due to glucose-6 phosphatase (G6PC) deficiency and it is characterized by short fasting hypoglycemia. Since the 80’s, life expectancy of GSD1a patients has improved considerably thanks to frequent carbohydrate-rich meals and intense nut

Renal diseases are a worldwide health problem: more than 500 millions of people in the world (2-3 millions in France) have some degree of kidney damage. Many may evolve into more advanced stages. The cost of renal diseases is a burden to the economy, as population is ageing, and diabetes and high bl

In vertebrates, the embryonic gonad prior to sexual differentiation is a bi-potential tissue where every cell population of progenitors can be engaged in two alternative fates: ‘male’ or ‘female’. In mammals the presence of the Y chromosome initiates a genetic cascade in the embryonic gonad that lea

In vertebrates, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), the active metabolite of vitamin A, is a key mediator of cell differentiation during embryonic development, male and female reproduction and homeostatic maintenance of adult tissues. In humans, vitamin A deficiency has a plethora of clinical manifestat

Cardiovascular diseases, including stroke and ischemic heart disease, are expected to be the main cause of death worldwide within the next 15 years, despite a better management of risk factors such as hypercholesterolemia and hypertension. A large body of experimental and translational evidence supp

To develop effective strategies to prevent childhood obesity it is essential to better understand its causes. Worldwide, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children has risen dramatically over the last decades. As treatment of established obesity often fails, prevention is highly desirab

Adult skeletal muscle possesses the ability to fully regenerate and this depends on the presence of quiescent muscle stem cells, so-called satellite cells that lie in juxtaposition with each myofiber and which become activated upon injury and form progenitors to replace degenerated muscle fibers. Un

The ectopic deposition of calcium within the atherosclerotic plaques leads to the development of vascular calcification (VC), a complication for atherosclerosis disease. VC is a dynamic process that takes place by mechanisms similar of those of bone formation, implying both the osteoblasts (OTB) tha

In adult skeletal muscles, myofibers are classified based on their contraction velocity, a property that is directly related to the isoform of the myosin heavy chain (Myh) gene expressed within each individual myofiber. There are four main myofiber types which express either slow (Myh7) or fast (Myh

Renal prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) triggers renin secretion and is a key factor that controls glomerular hemodynamic. It therefore protects against hypovolemia by maintaining renal filtration. Renal PGE2 also acts on the renal tubule and vasculature to promote diuresis and natriuresis, which can worsen h

Chronic inflammatory diseases are frequently associated to rheumatic manifestation and bone destruction by osteoclasts (OCLs). This destruction is due to the activated immune cells that infiltrate the bone marrow where they produce cytokines that stimulate OCL differentiation, even when the inflamma

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects millions of persons worldwide and constitutes a major public health problem. Therefore, understanding the molecular basis of CKD is a key challenge for the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies. A major contributor to chronic histological damage as

Adult respiratory diseases are a major burden in terms of morbidity and mortality and, particularly as related to chronic respiratory disease, are of increasing concern. This project is focused on a lethal chronic lung disease that displays mesenchymal compartment dysregulation: idiopathic pulmonary