Repenser l'essence, la flexibilité et la réutilisabilité de l'exploitation de modèles avancés – REFRAME

Reuse of learnt knowledge is of critical importance in the majority of knowledge-intensive application areas, particularly because the operating context can be expected to vary from training to deployment. In machine learning this is most commonly studied in relation to variations in class and cost skew in classification. While this is evidently useful in many practical situations, there is a clear and pressing need to generalise the notion of operating context beyond the narrow framework of skew-sensitive classification. This project aims to address the challenge of redesigning the entire data-to-knowledge (D2K) pipeline in order to take account of a significantly generalised notion of operating context.
We will develop an innovative and principled approach to knowledge reuse which will allow a range of known machine learning and data mining techniques to deal with common contextual changes, including: (i) changes in data representation; (ii) the availability of new background knowledge; (iii) predictions required at a different aggregation level; and (iv) models to be applied to a different subgroup or distribution. The approach is based around the new notion of model reframing, which can be applied to inputs (features), outputs (predictions) or parts of models (patterns), in this way generalising, integrating and broadening the more traditional and diverse notions of model adjustment in machine learning and data mining.
The ultimate goal of the project is to provide a much better understanding of the issues involved in the generation and deployment of a model for different contexts, as well as the development of tools which ease the extraction, reuse, exchange and adaptation of knowledge for a wide spectrum of operating contexts. The project will focus on three complex domain areas: geographical applications with spatio-temporal data, smart use of energy (resource production and consumption), and human genomics (genotype-phenotype relation analysis). These three demanding domains will ground the project by means of challenge problems and allow us to experimentally validate our methodologies, tools and algorithms.